American College of Cardiology

FUSTER ET AL., ACC/AHA/ESC GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;38:1266i-1xx

ACC/AHA/ESC Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Figure 8. Principal electrophysiological mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. A, Focal activation. The initiating focus (indicated by the asterisk) often lies within the region of the pulmonary veins. The resulting wavelets represent fibrillatory conduction, as in multiple-wavelet reentry. B, Multiple-wavelet reentry. Wavelets (indicated by arrows) randomly reenter tissue previously activated by them or by another wavelet. The routes the wavelets travel vary. LA indicates left atrium; PV, pulmonary vein; ICV, inferior vena cava; SCV, superior vena cava; and RA, right atrium. Reproduced with permission from Konings KTS ⁽⁶⁴⁾.

Copyright © 2001 by the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, Inc., and the European society of Cardiology
Published by Elsevier Science Inc.