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GREGORATOS ET AL., ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices
http://www.acc.org/clinical/guidelines/pacemaker/incorporated/index.htm; 2002

ACC/AHA/NSAPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrythmia Devices—Full Text

A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/NASPE Committee on Implantation)

References

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2. Deleted during update.

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7. Deleted during update.

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86. Peters RW, Scheinman MM, Morady F, Jacobson L. Long-term management of recurrent paroxysmal tachycardia by cardiac burst pacing. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1985;8:35-44.

87. Fisher JD, Johnston DR, Furman S, Mercando AD, Kim SG. Long-term efficacy of antitachycardia pacing for supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:1311-6.

88. Den Dulk K, Bertholet M, Brugada P, et al. Clinical experience with implantable devices for control of tachyarrhythmias. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1984;7:548-56.

89. Herre JM, Griffin JC, Nielsen AP, et al. Permanent triggered antitachycardia pacemakers in the management of recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985;6:206-14.

90. Saksena S, Pantopoulos D, Parsonnet V, Rothbart ST, Hussain SM, Gielchinsky I. Usefulness of an implantable antitachycardia pacemaker system for supraventricular or ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1986;58:70-4.

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95. Ward DE, Camm AJ, Spurrell RA. The response of regular reentrant supraventricular tachycardia to right heart stimulation. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1979;2:586-95.

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102. Lau CP, Cornu E, Camm AJ. Fatal and nonfatal cardiac arrest in patients with an implanted antitachycardia device for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1988;61:919-21.

103. Mehta D, Saksena S, Krol RB, Makhija V. Comparison of clinical benefits and outcome in patients with programmable and nonprogrammable implantable cardioverter defibrillators. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1992;15:1279-90.

104. Saksena S, Poczobutt-Johanos M, Castle LW, et al, for the Guardian Multicenter Investigators Group. Long-term multicenter experience with a second-generation implantable pacemakerdefibrillator in patients with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;19:490-9.

105. Bardy GH, Troutman C, Poole JE, et al. Clinical experience with a tiered-therapy, multiprogrammable antiarrhythmia device. Circulation 1992;85:1689-98.

106. Sra JS, Jazayeri MR, Avitall B, et al. Comparison of cardiac pacing with drug therapy in the treatment of neurocardiogenic (vasovagal) syncope with bradycardia or asystole. N Engl J Med 1993;328:1085-90.

107. Sugrue DD, Gersh BJ, Holmes DR, Wood DL, Osborn MJ, Hammill SC. Symptomatic “isolated” carotid sinus hypersensitivity: natural history and results of treatment with anticholinergic drugs or pacemaker. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986;7:158-62.

108. Peretz DI, Gerein AN, Miyagishima RT. Permanent demand pacing for hypersensitive carotid sinus syndrome. Can Med Assoc J 1973;108:1131-4.

109. Brignole M, Menozzi C, Gianfranchi L, Oddone D, Lolli G, Bertulla A. Neurally mediated syncope detected by carotid sinus massage and head-up tilt test in sick sinus syndrome. Am J Cardiol 1991;68:1032-6.

110. Benditt DG, Ferguson DW, Grubb BP, et al. Tilt table testing for assessing syncope. American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;28:263-75.

111. Sutton R, Petersen M, Brignole M, Raviele A, Menozzi C, Giani P. Proposed classification for tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. Eur J Cardiac Pacing Electrophysiol 1992;2:180-3.

112. Kenny RA, Ingram A, Bayliss J, Sutton R. Head-up tilt: a useful test for investigating unexplained syncope. Lancet 1986;1:1352-5.

113. Fitzpatrick A, Sutton R. Tilting towards a diagnosis in recurrent unexplained syncope. Lancet 1989;1:658-60.

114. Petersen ME, Chamberlain-Webber R, Fitzpatrick AP, Ingram A, Williams T, Sutton R. Permanent pacing for cardioinhibitory malignant vasovagal syndrome. Br Heart J 1994;71:274-81.

115. Connolly SJ, Sheldon RS, Gent M, Roberts RS, VPS Investigators. A randomized trial of cardiac pacing for recurrent fainting: the Vasovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS). Presented at: North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology 18th Annual Scientific Session; May 1997; New Orleans, La.

116. Grubb BP, Gerard G, Roush K, et al. Differentiation of convulsive syncope and epilepsy with head up tilt testing. Ann Intern Med 1991;115:871-6.

117. Fisher JD. Role of electrophysiologic testing in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with known and suspected bradycardias and tachycardias. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1981;24:25-90.

118. Reiffel JA, Kuehnert MJ. Electrophysiological testing of sinus node function: diagnostic and prognostic application—including updated information from sinus node electrograms. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1994;17:349-65.

119. Mackintosh AF. Sinuatrial disease in young people. Br Heart J 1981;45:62-6.

120. Garson A Jr, Bink-Boelkens M, Hesslein PS, et al. Atrial flutter in the young: a collaborative study of 380 cases. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985;6:871-8.

121. Gelatt M, Hamilton RM, McCrindle BW, et al. Arrhythmia and mortality after the Mustard procedure: a 30-year single-center experience. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:194-201.

122. Silka MJ, Manwill JR, Kron J, McAnulty JH. Bradycardia-mediated tachyarrhythmias in congenital heart disease and responses to chronic pacing at physiologic rates. Am J Cardiol 1990;65:488-93.

123. Gillette PC, Zeigler VL, Case CL, Harold M, Buckles DS. Atrial antitachycardia pacing in children and young adults. Am Heart J 1991;122:844-9.

124. Rhodes LA, Walsh EP, Gamble WJ, Triedman JK, Saul JP. Benefits and potential risks of atrial antitachycardia pacing after repair of congenital heart disease. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1995;18:1005-16.

125. Kugler JD, Danford DA. Pacemakers in children: an update. Am Heart J 1989;117:665-79.

126. Sholler GF,Walsh EP. Congenital complete heart block in patients without anatomic cardiac defects. Am Heart J 1989;118:1193-8.

127. Michaelsson M, Jonzon A, Riesenfeld T. Isolated congenital complete atrioventricular block in adult life: a prospective study. Circulation 1995;92:442-9.

128. Dewey RC, Capeless MA, Levy AM. Use of ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring to identify high-risk patients with congenital complete heart block. N Engl J Med 1987;316:835-9.

129. Pinsky WW, Gillette PC, Garson A Jr, McNamara DG. Diagnosis, management, and long-term results of patients with congenital complete atrioventricular block. Pediatrics 1982;69:728-33.

130. Michaelsson M, Engle MA. Congenital complete heart block: an international study of the natural history. Cardiovasc Clin 1972;4:85-101.

131. Moss AJ, Liu JE, Gottlieb S, Locati EH, Schwartz PJ, Robinson. JL. Efficacy of permanent pacing in the management of high-risk patients with long QT syndrome. Circulation 1991;84:1524-9.

132. Viskin S, Alla SR, Barron HV, et al. Mode of onset of torsade de pointes in congenital long QT syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;28:1262-8.

133. Trippel DL, Parsons MK, Gillette PC. Infants with long-QT syndrome and 2:1 atrioventricular block. Am Heart J 1995;130:1130-4.

134. Solti F, Szatmary L, Vecsey T, Renyi-Vamos FJ, Bodor E. Congenital complete heart block associated with QT prolongation. Eur Heart J 1992;13:1080-3.

135. Lillehei CW, Sellers RD, Bonnanbeau RC, Eliot RS. Chronic postsurgical complete heart block with particular reference to prognosis, management, and a new P-wave pacemaker. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1963;46:436-56.

136. Kertesz N, McQuinn T, Collins E, Friedman R. Surgical atrioventricular block in 888 congenital heart operations: new implications for early implantation of a permanent pacemaker [abstract]. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1996;19:613.

137. Krongrad E. Prognosis for patients with congenital heart disease and post-operative intraventricular conduction defects. Circulation 1978;57:867-70.

138. Silka MJ, Rice MJ. Paradoxic embolism due to altered hemodynamic sequencing following transvenous pacing. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1991;14:499-503.

139. Lau YR, Gillette PC, Buckles DS, Zeigler VL. Actuarial survival of transvenous pacing leads in a pediatric population. PACE Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1993;16:1363-7.

140. Greenspan AM, Kay HR, Berger BC, Greenberg RM, Greenspon AJ, Gaughan MJ. Incidence of unwarranted implantation of permanent cardiac pacemakers in a large medical population. N Engl J Med 1988;318:158-63.

141. McDonald K, McWilliams E, O’Keeffe B, Maurer B. Functional assessment of patients treated with permanent dual chamber pacing as a primary treatment for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 1988;9:893-8.

142. Fananapazir L, Epstein ND, Curiel RV, Panza JA, Tripodi D, McAreavey D. Long-term results of dual-chamber (DDD) pacing in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evidence for progressive symptomatic and hemodynamic improvement and reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation 1994;90:2731-42.

143. Fananapazir L, Cannon RO, Tripodi D, Panza JA. Impact of dualchamber permanent pacing in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with symptoms refractory to verapamil and beta-adrenergic blocker therapy. Circulation 1992;85:2149-61.

144. Deleted during update.

145. Nishimura RA, Hayes DL, Ilstrup DM, Holmes DR, Tajik AJ. Effect of dual-chamber pacing on systolic and diastolic function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: acute Doppler echocardiographic and catheterization hemodynamic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:421-30.

146. Nishimura RA, Symanski JD, Hurrell DG, Trusty JM, Hayes DL, Tajik AJ. Dual-chamber pacing for cardiomyopathies: a 1996 clinical perspective. Mayo Clin Proc 1996;71:1077-87.

147. Deleted during update.

148. Deleted during update.

149. Deleted during update.

150. Deleted during update.

151. Deleted during update.

152. Kappenberger L, Linde C, Daubert C, et al. Pacing in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (PIC): a randomized cross-over study. Eur Heart J 1997;18:1249-56.

153. Jeanrenaud X, Goy JJ, Kappenberger L. Effects of dual-chamber pacing in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Lancet 1992;339:1318-23.

154. Nishimura RA, Trusty JM, Hayes DL, et al. Dual-chamber pacing for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:435-41.

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