Diet, Exercise and Cardiovascular Health-Diet - DECIDE-Diet

Aug 02, 2022
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Author/Summarized by Author:
Anthony A. Bavry, MD, MPH, FACC
Summary Reviewer:
Deepak L. Bhatt, MD, MPH, MBA, FACC
Trial Sponsor:
National Key Research and Development Program, Ministry of Science and Technology of China; and the Chinese Nutrition Society Nutrition Science Foundation-Yum China Dietary Health Foundation.
Date Published:
07/11/2022
Date Updated:
08/02/2022
Original Posted Date:
07/25/2022
References

Contribution To Literature:

The DECIDE-Diet trial showed that a Chinese heart-healthy diet was effective at lowering blood pressure.

Description:

The goal of the trial was to evaluate a Chinese heart-healthy diet compared with a control diet among Chinese individuals with mild hypertension.

Study Design

  • Randomization
  • Parallel

Chinese individuals with mild hypertension were randomized to a Chinese heart-healthy diet (n = 135) versus a control diet (n = 130). The Chinese heart-healthy diet compared with control diet had reduced energy from fat, increased energy from protein, and increased energy from carbohydrates. Sodium intake was reduced from 6,000 mg/day to 3,000 mg/day.

  • Total number of enrollees: 265
  • Duration of follow-up: 28 days
  • Mean patient age: 57 years
  • Percentage female: 52%

Inclusion criteria:

  • Chinese individuals 25-75 years of age
  • Systolic blood pressure 130-159 mm Hg

Principal Findings:

The primary outcome, change in systolic blood pressure from baseline to end of study, was -14.7 mm Hg in the Chinese heart-healthy diet group vs. -4.8 mm Hg in the control diet group (p < 0.001). There was no treatment interaction according to regional cuisine differences (p for interaction = 0.17).

Secondary outcomes:

  • Change in diastolic blood pressure from baseline to end of study: -6.3 mm Hg in the Chinese heart-healthy diet group vs. -2.6 mm Hg in the control diet group (p < 0.001)
  • Food preference score from baseline to end of study: 0.1 in the Chinese heart-healthy diet group vs. 0.1 in the control diet group (p = 0.56)
  • Cost: similar between treatment groups

Interpretation:

Among Chinese individuals with mild hypertension, a Chinese heart-healthy diet was effective at lowering systolic blood pressure compared with a control diet. There was a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (primary outcome) and diastolic blood pressure (secondary outcome) over the 28-day treatment period from the Chinese heart-healthy diet. There was no difference in food preference score or cost between treatment groups. Themes of the Chinese heart-healthy diet are reductions in fat and sodium, with increases in protein and carbohydrate.

References:

Wang Y, Feng L, Zeng G, et al., on behalf of the DECIDE-Diet Study Group. Effects of Cuisine-Based Chinese Heart-Healthy Diet in Lowering Blood Pressure Among Adults in China: Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized, Parallel Controlled Feeding Trial. Circulation 2022;146:303-15.

Clinical Topics: Cardiovascular Care Team, Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Disease, Prevention, Diet, Exercise, Hypertension

Keywords: Blood Pressure, Carbohydrates, China, Dietary Carbohydrates, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Diet, Healthy, Exercise, Food Preferences, Hypertension, Primary Prevention, Proteins, Sodium, Dietary


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