Driving Following a Secondary Prevention ICD Implantation

Quick Takes

  • The incidence rate of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia and the risk of sudden cardiac incapacitation in contemporary recipients of secondary prevention ICD is significantly lower than previously reported.
  • The risk of recurrent arrhythmia is highest during the first 3 months after the index cardiac event and subsequently drops significantly.
  • Current study suggests driving restrictions for private driving should be limited to 3 months.

Study Questions:

What is the incidence rate of appropriate device therapies in contemporary recipients of a secondary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)?

Methods:

This was a retrospective study at three Canadian tertiary care centers enrolling consecutive patients with new secondary prevention ICD implants between 2016–2020.

Results:

A total of 721 patients were followed for a median of 760 days. The risk of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia was highest during the first 3 months after device insertion (34.4%), and decreased over time (10.6% between 3–6 months, 11.7% between 6–12 months). The corresponding incidence rate per 100 patient-days was 0.48 at 90 days, 0.28 at 180 days, and 0.20 between 181–365 days after ICD insertion (p < 0.001). The cumulative incidence of arrhythmic syncope resulting in sudden cardiac incapacitation was 1.8% within the first 90 days and dropped to 0.4% between 91–180 days (p < 0.001) after ICD insertion.

Conclusions:

The incidence rate of appropriate therapies resulting in sudden cardiac incapacitation in contemporary recipients of a secondary prevention ICD is much lower than previously reported, and significantly declines after the first 3 months.

Perspective:

Since the inception of ICD therapy for secondary prevention, the reported appropriate ICD therapy rates have been declining. While restrictions on driving following implantation of a secondary prevention ICD vary, most jurisdictions require a 6-month period of no driving for personal use (and no driving whatsoever for commercial drivers). Medical society guidelines were developed based on assessments of the risk of harm, with these key components: proportion of time spent driving, type of vehicle driven, yearly risk of sudden cardiac incapacitation, and the probability that incapacitation would result in an accident. The current manuscript shows that the incidence rate of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia resulting in appropriate therapy is low in contemporary ICD recipients. The authors note that after the first 90 days, the overall risk of arrhythmic syncope diminishes significantly. They propose 3 months as the more contemporary standard for driving restriction.

Clinical Topics: Arrhythmias and Clinical EP, Geriatric Cardiology, Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies, Prevention, Implantable Devices, SCD/Ventricular Arrhythmias, Atrial Fibrillation/Supraventricular Arrhythmias, Acute Heart Failure

Keywords: Accidents, Traffic, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Atrial Fibrillation, Automobile Driving, Defibrillators, Implantable, Geriatrics, Heart Failure, Risk Reduction Behavior, Secondary Prevention, Syncope, Tachycardia, Ventricular, Tertiary Care Centers


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